How this is worked out
Repayments use the standard amortisation formula, applied monthly:
M = P · r(1+r)ⁿ ÷ ((1+r)ⁿ − 1)
where P is the amount borrowed, r is the annual rate divided by twelve, and n is the number of months. Early repayments are mostly interest, because interest accrues on the outstanding balance; as it falls, more of each identical repayment reduces the principal.
Council rates, insurance and strata levies are added monthly. LMI is really a one-off premium, normally capitalised into the loan; it is spread monthly here so the figures stay comparable, and the total is shown separately.
A worked example
- Property price
- $850,000
- Deposit (20%)
- $170,000
- Loan amount
- $680,000
- Rate / term
- 6.1% over 30 years
- Monthly repayment
- $4,119.79
- Council rates ($2,400/yr)
- $200.00
- Insurance ($1,800/yr)
- $150.00
- Total each month
- $4,469.79
LMI is the cost of a small deposit, and it is larger than people expect
Lenders Mortgage Insurance is charged when you borrow more than eighty per cent of the property value. It insures the lender against your default. You pay it; you receive nothing for it.
The premium is not linear. At 85% loan-to-value it might be around one per cent of the loan; at 90% it roughly doubles; at 95% it can exceed four per cent. On a $680,000 loan that is a range from roughly $7,000 to over $27,000 — and because it is normally capitalised into the loan, you pay interest on it for thirty years.
This is why the gap between a 19% deposit and a 20% deposit is worth far more than one per cent of the purchase price. If you are close, finding the difference — or using a guarantor, or checking whether your profession qualifies for an LMI waiver, as many medical and legal roles do — is usually the single highest-value decision in the whole purchase.
Offset accounts change the arithmetic
An offset account is a transaction account linked to your loan, where every dollar sitting in it reduces the balance interest is calculated on. Twenty thousand dollars in offset against a $680,000 loan means you are charged interest on $660,000.
The effect is identical to overpaying, with one large advantage: the money remains yours and immediately accessible. At 6.1%, twenty thousand dollars in offset saves about $1,220 a year in interest — equivalent to a savings account paying 6.1% tax-free, which does not exist.
This calculator does not model an offset directly, but the extra repayment field is a good proxy: entering the interest a given offset balance would save shows you the same effect on the term. Offset accounts usually come with a higher rate or an annual fee, so the balance you keep in it needs to be large enough to justify that.
Principal and interest, or interest only
Interest-only loans keep repayments low by paying nothing off the principal — typically for one to five years. For an investor with a negative gearing strategy that can be deliberate. For an owner-occupier it usually means a much larger repayment later, on a shorter remaining term, plus more total interest.
APRA has restricted interest-only lending to owner-occupiers considerably, and lenders price it higher. If you are considering it to make a purchase affordable, that is a signal the purchase is not affordable rather than a solution to it.
This calculator models principal and interest only, which is what the large majority of owner-occupier loans are.
Stamp duty and the rest of the upfront cost
Stamp duty is a state tax and it is substantial — often twenty to forty thousand dollars on a median-priced home. Concessions and exemptions for first home buyers differ in every state and territory, and are worth researching properly rather than assuming.
Add conveyancing, building and pest inspections, loan application fees and lenders’ legal costs. Budget four to five per cent of the purchase price in cash on top of your deposit, and remember stamp duty cannot be borrowed.
Assumptions and sources
- Amortisation formula
- Standard annuity formula applied monthly. Verified in tools/test/finance.mjs against published repayment tables.
- LMI thresholds
- Charged above 80% loan-to-value; premium rises sharply with LVR. Waivers exist for some professions. checked 2026-08
- LMI premium range
- Approximately 1% of the loan at 85% LVR to over 4% at 95%. Varies by insurer — obtain a quote. checked 2026-08
- Council rates and strata
- You enter your own figures. Set by local council and by the owners corporation respectively.